Validation Case: Direct Extrusion

Metal Forming Direct Extrusion Steady Flow Benchmark

This benchmark is intended to validate forward material flow through the die, extrusion load history, and the ability of the formulation to preserve a stable velocity and pressure field while the billet transitions into the exit section.

What this benchmark checks

  • Extrusion force or ram load evolution
  • Die-entry deformation and dead-metal-zone behavior
  • Pressure distribution near the die land
  • Mesh or particle stability at large strain

Reference work

This benchmark is referenced to Expansion of Plastic Forming Process Simulation: Transition from FEM to SPH with GPU Implementation, which is the current direct extrusion case used here as the baseline example.

This page can be extended with the quantitative comparison figures, process geometry, material data, and solver settings from that work as needed.

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